{"id":10886,"date":"2021-08-05T15:00:29","date_gmt":"2021-08-05T12:00:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fractory.com\/?p=10886"},"modified":"2024-01-26T14:22:35","modified_gmt":"2024-01-26T12:22:35","slug":"types-of-machine-elements","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fractory.com\/types-of-machine-elements\/","title":{"rendered":"Types of Machine Elements"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Mechanical engineering has become extremely complex with time. An average car today has about 30,000 machine elements when we count each one down to the smallest screw. These machine elements work in unison to run the car as intended by the machine design.<\/p>\n<p>Some of these mechanical parts are elementary mechanical elements, whereas some others are in an assembly with other parts and perform a specific function in the car. The alternator, engine and carburettor are examples of such parts.<\/p>\n<p>Learning about machine elements is the first step in creating efficient machines that solve pressing problems. They reduce human effort and surpass their capabilities significantly. In this post, we shall learn about machine elements and their types.<\/p>\n<h2>What Are Machine Elements?<\/h2>\n<p>In mechanical engineering, a machine element is the smallest mechanical part or part assembly in a machine. They usually perform a single function and cannot be replaced with multiple parts. For example, a bearing may be made of smaller parts such as balls, rings and seals, but it cannot perform its function if it were split up into its constituent mechanical parts.<\/p>\n<p>Thus, a machine element may be defined as a part constituent (such as a fastener) or a distinct part (e.g. clutch) in machines. Broadly, machine elements can be divided into two main types.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>General-purpose machine elements<\/li>\n<li>Special purpose machine elements<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>General-purpose machine elements<\/h3>\n<p>These elements are the basic building blocks in many types of machines. Parts such as fasteners (screws, nuts and bolts, rivets, etc.), <a href=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/chain-drives\/\">chains<\/a>, shafts, keys, bearings and <a href=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/belt-drives\/\">belts<\/a> are examples of general-purpose machine elements. They usually perform the same function in all these machines.<\/p>\n<p>In most cases, general-purpose machine elements come in sizes and shapes defined by international standards.<\/p>\n<p>For example, hex bolts can be manufactured as per 18 different standards, the most popular being DIN 931 and DIN 933. In most of these standards, they are available in sizes from M3 to M48. This increases their usability in a variety of different machines, as replacements are easily available.<\/p>\n<h3>Special-purpose machine elements<\/h3>\n<p>These are mechanical elements that find specific use in machine design. Examples of such parts are the turbine in a jet engine, blades in a fan, pistons, crankshaft, etc. The mechanical design of these parts is customised as per requirements.<\/p>\n<p>Let us consider the example of ship engines. They come in different designs, with the number of cylinders ranging from 6 to 14.<\/p>\n<p>For each type of engine, the size of every component is redesigned. The exhaust valve, cylinder head, liner, piston, piston rings, connecting rod and crankshaft all come in different sizes for two different types of engines.<\/p>\n<h2>Types of Machine Elements<\/h2>\n<p>Both general and special purpose machine elements are elementary mechanical components that function together to make a machine work. Let\u2019s see the various types of common machine elements and their uses.<\/p>\n<h3>Bearings<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10895\" src=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/bearings-on-table.jpg\" alt=\"bearings\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/bearings-on-table.jpg 800w, https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/bearings-on-table-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/bearings-on-table-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/types-of-bearings\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bearings<\/a> are one of the most common machine elements in machine design. Their job is to eliminate the friction between two moving parts. The mechanical design of rotating machines is incomplete without it. The primary purpose of bearings is to prevent direct metal-to-metal contact of the two parts and enable smooth relative motion between them.<\/p>\n<p>They come in various shapes and sizes. The abundance of available bearing designs enables designers to select the most suitable bearing for different applications, ensuring maximum reliability, efficiency, performance and durability.<\/p>\n<p>Bearings find use in a range of different motions, such as linear (conveyors), rotational (crankshafts), hinge (doors, windows) and spherical (ball and socket joint). They transmit radial loads, axial loads (thrust bearings), or a combination of both from the rotating element to the bearing housing.<\/p>\n<p>Some applications of bearings are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sliding doors\/windows\/drawers<\/li>\n<li>Engine crankshaft<\/li>\n<li>Conveyor pulleys and idlers<\/li>\n<li>Wind turbines<\/li>\n<li>Motors<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Shafts<\/h3>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10902\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10902\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10902\" src=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/two-shafts.jpg\" alt=\"two shafts\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/two-shafts.jpg 800w, https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/two-shafts-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/two-shafts-768x513.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10902\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shafts are usually designed for the unique application and <a href=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/cnc-machining-services\/\">CNC machined<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Shafts are long, cylindrical components used for the transfer of torque and mechanical power between two components. Designers use them when the distance between drive train components is too great for a direct connection, or if they operate in different environments.<\/p>\n<p>For instance, in the case of a ship propeller, the distance is too great between the engine and the propeller warranting the use of a long shaft with multiple bearings along the way.<\/p>\n<p>Similarly, the steam turbines powering the cargo oil pumps in oil tankers are isolated from the pumps by a bulkhead to eliminate the chances of ignition (different environments application). Only the shaft passes through the bulkhead from the engine room to the pump room.<\/p>\n<p>The steam turbines in the engine room become extremely hot during operation. Even in the unlikely event of the atmosphere in the pump room becoming combustible (if cargo oil leaks), the mechanical design is such that the turbines will not act as sources of ignition.<\/p>\n<p>A shaft may be solid or hollow, depending on the need. Solid ones are more compact, but their hollow counterparts have a greater load-carrying capacity for the same weight. For shafts under heavy loads during operation, designers prefer a hollow shaft as it has higher rigidity, stiffness and bending moments.<\/p>\n<p>Some applications of shafts are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>IC engine crankshafts\/camshafts<\/li>\n<li>Vehicle axles<\/li>\n<li>Clocks and watches<\/li>\n<li>Motors<\/li>\n<li>Pumps<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Keys<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10909\" src=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/machine-keys-img.jpg\" alt=\"machine keys\" width=\"800\" height=\"491\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/machine-keys-img.jpg 800w, https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/machine-keys-img-300x184.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/machine-keys-img-768x471.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In machine design, keys are small mechanical components that connect shafts to rotating elements. In some cases, they may be solely responsible for the transfer of torque between the two elements.<\/p>\n<p>Keys are placed between the shaft and the rotating element and have provisions cut out in both of them to fix the key in place. The cutout in the hub is known as the keyway. The bottom of the keyway where the key rests in the shaft is known as the keyseat. The complete assembly is known as a keyed joint.<\/p>\n<p>A keyed joint permits no relative rotational motion but may allow axial motion to a small extent as keys are inserted in the axial direction. Due to such a function, keys must endure high compressive and shearing stresses. Thus, crushing failure and shearing failure are important considerations in a key\u2019s mechanical design.<\/p>\n<p>The various types of keys in machine design come in many standard shapes. The five main types of keys are round, saddle, spline, sunk and tangent.<\/p>\n<p>Sunk key is the most common of them all. It comes in various sizes and shapes such as rectangle, square, parallel sunk, woodruff, gib-head and feather.<\/p>\n<p>Some applications of keys are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Motors<\/li>\n<li>Marine propellers<\/li>\n<li>Gear drives<\/li>\n<li>Pulleys<\/li>\n<li>Sprockets<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Couplings<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10916\" src=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/coupling-on-a-shaft.jpg\" alt=\"shaft coupling\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/coupling-on-a-shaft.jpg 800w, https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/coupling-on-a-shaft-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/coupling-on-a-shaft-768x513.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/types-of-couplings\/\">Couplings<\/a> are mechanical components that connect two rotating in-line shafts, with the primary purpose of transmitting power in mechanical design. The entire assembly rotates at the same speed. A coupling may be rigid or flexible, depending on the need.<\/p>\n<p>A flexible coupling can absorb any mounting errors as well as any minor misalignments between the shafts that may develop over time. They also absorb shocks and vibration, increasing the service life of the machines in the process. Unlike clutches, couplings do not engage and disengage.<\/p>\n<p>These machine elements also isolate the heat transfer between the two ends in some applications. For instance, a motor can heat up considerably during operation. A coupling prevents this transfer of heat from the motor to the paired machine.<\/p>\n<p>Some couplings work like fuses. If the torque exceeds a certain limit, they break and sever the connection between the driving and driven components to protect sensitive machinery. Such a coupling is known as Overload Safety Mechanical Coupling and is normally used for the protection of motors and drive systems in power transmissions.<\/p>\n<p>Some applications of couplings are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Generators<\/li>\n<li>Motion control in robotics<\/li>\n<li>Automotive steering linkages<\/li>\n<li>Paddle steamers<\/li>\n<li>Car differentials<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n    <div class=\"shortcode-enhanced-cta\">\n        <div class=\"shortcode-enhanced-cta__content\">\n            <span class=\"v2-section-title v2-section-title--md\">Scale Your Manufacturing from Prototyping to Series<\/span>\n\n            <ul class=\"shortcode-enhanced-cta-list\">\n                                                            <li>\n                                                            <div class=\"shortcode-icon\">\n                                    <svg width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" viewBox=\"0 0 33 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M16.4933 23.3059C21.7413 23.3059 25.9956 19.0515 25.9956 13.8036C25.9956 8.55559 21.7413 4.30127 16.4933 4.30127C11.2453 4.30127 6.991 8.55559 6.991 13.8036C6.991 19.0515 11.2453 23.3059 16.4933 23.3059Z\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M1.16917 30.3724C1.35654 28.4452 2.49414 26.7455 4.20723 25.8488L11.5682 21.9542\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M21.4318 21.9542L28.7928 25.8488C30.5058 26.7588 31.6434 28.4586 31.8308 30.3724\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M12.8798 18.7956H6.10769C4.24738 18.7956 2.74843 17.2967 2.74843 15.4364V12.2243\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M8.28921 9.02567H3.97971C3.29715 9.02567 2.74843 9.57439 2.74843 10.2569V14.2185C2.74843 14.901 3.29715 15.4498 3.97971 15.4498H7.13822\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M24.7108 9.02567H28.7928C29.4753 9.02567 30.024 9.57439 30.024 10.2569V14.2185C30.024 14.901 29.4753 15.4498 28.7928 15.4498H25.8484\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M14.3787 20.2946C15.2066 20.2946 15.8777 19.6235 15.8777 18.7956C15.8777 17.9678 15.2066 17.2967 14.3787 17.2967C13.5509 17.2967 12.8798 17.9678 12.8798 18.7956C12.8798 19.6235 13.5509 20.2946 14.3787 20.2946Z\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M16.4933 23.3059C21.7413 23.3059 25.9956 19.0515 25.9956 13.8036C25.9956 8.55559 21.7413 4.30127 16.4933 4.30127C11.2453 4.30127 6.991 8.55559 6.991 13.8036C6.991 19.0515 11.2453 23.3059 16.4933 23.3059Z\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M4.70242 9.02568C6.5895 4.35483 11.1667 1.07587 16.4933 1.07587C21.8199 1.07587 26.29 4.27453 28.2173 8.85169\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n                                <\/div>\n                            \n                                                            <span>Personal account manager<\/span>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                                                                                <li>\n                                                            <div class=\"shortcode-icon\">\n                                    <svg width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" viewBox=\"0 0 33 34\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M17.5835 26.6203C16.8491 26.0906 15.4887 26.1628 14.959 25.4284C14.4293 24.694 14.9229 23.4299 14.6339 22.5631C14.345 21.6963 13.2133 20.986 13.2133 20.059C13.2133 19.1319 14.3691 18.3976 14.6339 17.5548C14.8988 16.7121 14.4293 15.4119 14.959 14.6895C15.4887 13.9672 16.8491 14.0274 17.5835 13.4976C18.3179 12.9679 18.655 11.6436 19.5218 11.3667C20.3886 11.0898 21.412 11.9566 22.351 11.9566C23.2901 11.9566 24.3375 11.1019 25.1802 11.3667C26.0229 11.6316 26.3962 12.9679 27.1185 13.4976C27.8409 14.0274 29.2133 13.9551 29.743 14.6895C30.2728 15.4239 29.7792 16.688 30.0681 17.5548C30.357 18.4216 31.4887 19.1319 31.4887 20.059C31.4887 20.986 30.333 21.7204 30.0681 22.5631C29.8032 23.4058 30.2728 24.7061 29.743 25.4284C29.2133 26.1508 27.8529 26.0906 27.1185 26.6203C26.3841 27.15 26.047 28.4743 25.1802 28.7512C24.3134 29.0281 23.2901 28.1613 22.351 28.1613C21.412 28.1613 20.3646 29.0161 19.5218 28.7512C18.6791 28.4864 18.3059 27.15 17.5835 26.6203Z\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M22.351 25.5729C25.3963 25.5729 27.8649 23.1042 27.8649 20.059C27.8649 17.0137 25.3963 14.545 22.351 14.545C19.3058 14.545 16.8371 17.0137 16.8371 20.059C16.8371 23.1042 19.3058 25.5729 22.351 25.5729Z\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M17.6919 26.7046L15.3322 30.0755C15.1396 30.3524 15.3322 30.7377 15.6693 30.7617L17.7521 30.8821C17.8484 30.8821 17.9447 30.9303 18.0169 30.9905L19.1847 32.0138C19.4375 32.2305 19.8348 32.0981 19.895 31.773L20.5451 28.679\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M26.9981 26.7046L29.3698 30.0876C29.5625 30.3645 29.3698 30.7497 29.0448 30.7738L26.8055 30.9303C26.7092 30.9303 26.6129 30.9785 26.5406 31.0507L25.5294 31.9897C25.2765 32.2185 24.8792 32.0861 24.807 31.761L24.1569 28.691\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M14.7062 24.7181H3.91912C2.59481 24.7181 1.51129 23.6466 1.51129 22.3103V3.73391C1.51129 2.4096 2.58277 1.32608 3.91912 1.32608H22.5075C23.8318 1.32608 24.9154 2.39756 24.9154 3.73391V11.3186\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M15.4646 1.32608H10.9379V9.81366H15.4646V1.32608Z\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n                                <\/div>\n                            \n                                                            <span>Quality assurance<\/span>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                                                                                <li>\n                                                            <div class=\"shortcode-icon\">\n                                    <svg width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" viewBox=\"0 0 35 27\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M17.576 22.1218H4.47786C3.039 22.1218 1.87455 20.7126 1.87455 18.9994V4.93701C1.87455 3.20888 3.039 1.81451 4.47786 1.81451H26.1796C27.6184 1.81451 28.7829 3.20888 28.7829 4.93701V9.53916\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M1.87084 5.5081H28.7866\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M1.87084 11.2636H18.0618\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M6.22453 17.019H10.4299\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M24.5182 25.63C29.2739 25.63 33.1292 21.7747 33.1292 17.019C33.1292 12.2633 29.2739 8.40808 24.5182 8.40808C19.7625 8.40808 15.9072 12.2633 15.9072 17.019C15.9072 21.7747 19.7625 25.63 24.5182 25.63Z\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M24.5182 11.0967V17.019L27.7519 20.2528\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n                                <\/div>\n                            \n                                                            <span>Payment terms for companies<\/span>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                                                                                <li>\n                                                            <div class=\"shortcode-icon\">\n                                    <svg width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" viewBox=\"0 0 31 33\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<g id=\"Layer_1\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_874_1102)\">\n<path id=\"Vector\" d=\"M4.02589 18.9188H26.9832V26.7685C26.9832 27.6336 26.282 28.3257 25.426 28.3257H5.58309C4.71798 28.3257 4.02589 27.6245 4.02589 26.7685V18.9188Z\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path id=\"Vector_2\" d=\"M26.9832 18.9188H4.02589L6.52106 8.96545C6.67587 8.3371 7.24046 7.89999 7.88702 7.89999H23.1312C23.7777 7.89999 24.3423 8.3371 24.4972 8.96545L26.9923 18.9188H26.9832Z\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path id=\"Vector_3\" d=\"M10.9468 28.3257H6.20233C5.77484 28.3257 5.42828 28.6723 5.42828 29.0998V31.0394C5.42828 31.4669 5.77484 31.8135 6.20233 31.8135H10.9468C11.3743 31.8135 11.7208 31.4669 11.7208 31.0394V29.0998C11.7208 28.6723 11.3743 28.3257 10.9468 28.3257Z\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path id=\"Vector_4\" d=\"M24.6702 28.3257H19.9257C19.4982 28.3257 19.1517 28.6723 19.1517 29.0998V31.0394C19.1517 31.4669 19.4982 31.8135 19.9257 31.8135H24.6702C25.0977 31.8135 25.4442 31.4669 25.4442 31.0394V29.0998C25.4442 28.6723 25.0977 28.3257 24.6702 28.3257Z\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path id=\"Vector_5\" d=\"M4.02589 23.8727H2.96955C2.20461 23.8727 1.59447 23.2534 1.59447 22.4976V5.01325C1.59447 3.14643 3.10614 1.63477 4.97296 1.63477H26.0544C27.9212 1.63477 29.4328 3.14643 29.4328 5.01325V22.4885C29.4328 23.2534 28.8136 23.8636 28.0578 23.8636H27.0014\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path id=\"Vector_6\" d=\"M4.02589 25.2295H10.1181L9.6992 23.8089C9.38048 22.7344 8.39698 22.0059 7.27689 22.0059H4.02589\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path id=\"Vector_7\" d=\"M26.9832 25.2295H20.891L21.3099 23.8089C21.6286 22.7344 22.6121 22.0059 23.7322 22.0059H26.9832\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path id=\"Vector_8\" d=\"M15.5 7.89999V10.6501\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<path id=\"Vector_9\" d=\"M12.4858 10.6501H18.5142\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<\/svg>\n                                <\/div>\n                            \n                                                            <span>On-time delivery by Fractory<\/span>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                                                                                    <\/ul>\n\n            <a class=\"c-button c-button--sm\" href=\"https:\/\/app.fractory.com\/quotes\/new\">Get a quote<\/a>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"shortcode-enhanced-cta__media\">\n                            <video class=\"shortcode-video\" autoplay loop muted playsinline>\n                    <source src=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/homepage-vid-v2.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\">\n                <\/video>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<h3>Fasteners<\/h3>\n<p>In mechanical engineering applications, <a href=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/types-of-fasteners\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">different types of fasteners<\/a> are used to hold together two or more machinery components. They create temporary joints which can be disassembled when needed. Some machines work under extreme conditions. The primary purpose of fasteners is to protect these machines against high pressures, excessive forces and vibration.<\/p>\n<p>In machine design, it is important to be as specific as possible about the design or selection of fasteners in applications. This is to ensure that these machine elements can manage the forces that the product will be subjected to in service and the machines can function without failure. Fasteners are usually made from <a href=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/structural-steels-s235-s275-s355-s420-and-their-properties\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">carbon steel<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/what-is-stainless-steel\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">stainless steel<\/a>, or alloy steel.<\/p>\n<p>Some examples of fasteners are screws, nuts\/bolts, split pins, rivets and circlips. And they are used everywhere, independent of the industry. The only question to ask is whether the assembly will need to be disassembled for maintenance or not, as in the choice of rivets vs bolts and nuts.<\/p>\n<h3>Gears<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10923\" src=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/bevel-gear-img.jpg\" alt=\"CNC machine bevel gear\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/bevel-gear-img.jpg 800w, https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/bevel-gear-img-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/bevel-gear-img-768x513.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Gears are elementary machine elements with toothed wheels to transfer power and rotation between two shafts. They can increase or decrease angular velocity while simultaneously decreasing or increasing torque, following the laws of energy conservation. In essence, they act as levers in a translating mechanical system.<\/p>\n<p>The teeth on two gears mesh with each other and transfer power from the driving shaft to the driven shaft. Usually, the shafts are parallel, but special gears are capable of transferring power between intersecting as well as non-parallel, non-intersecting shafts.<\/p>\n<p>The capability to work efficiently in any orientation means they also come in a variety of shapes. Most gears are cylindrical in shape with teeth along the circumference. Others come in shapes that resemble a shaft (worm gear) or a rod (rack and pinion). Yet others have teeth on the face instead of the circumference (face gears).<\/p>\n<p>While it is important to select the general <a href=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/types-of-gears\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gear type<\/a>, due attention must also be paid to factors such as precision grade standard (DIN, AGMA, ISO), need for ground or <a href=\"https:\/\/fractory.com\/heat-treatment-methods\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">heat-treated<\/a> teeth, dimensions (face width, helix angle, module, number of teeth, etc.) and more.<\/p>\n<p>Some applications of gears are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Clocks and watches<\/li>\n<li>Vehicle gearboxes<\/li>\n<li>Clocks and watches<\/li>\n<li>Mixers and blenders<\/li>\n<li>Washing machines and dryers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mechanical engineering has become extremely complex with time. An average car today has about 30,000 machine elements when we count each one down to the smallest screw. These machine elements [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":10888,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6486],"tags":[],"yst_prominent_words":[25,40,76,1922,2199,6171],"class_list":["post-10886","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-machine-components"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10886","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10886"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10886\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22712,"href":"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10886\/revisions\/22712"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10888"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10886"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10886"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10886"},{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fractory.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=10886"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}